[Thesis]

User Experience Design Guidelines for Therapeutic Virtual Reality: Optimising NaturalVR for Clinical Contexts

[Publication]

To be published in RECIPP (2025)

To be published in RECIPP (2025)

[Date]

July 2025

July 2025

[Table of Content]

1. Human-Centred UX Design for Therapeutic VR

1. Human-Centred UX Design for Therapeutic VR

2. Multisensory Stimuli for Psychological Well-being

2. Multisensory Stimuli for Psychological Well-being

3. Accessibility and Comfort in Clinical Contexts

3. Accessibility and Comfort in Clinical Contexts

4. Usability Testing & Data-Driven Iteration

4. Usability Testing & Data-Driven Iteration

5. Evidence-Based Design Guidelines for Therapeutic VR

5. Evidence-Based Design Guidelines for Therapeutic VR

Conclusion

Conclusion

This dissertation investigates how user experience (UX) design principles can optimise therapeutic virtual reality (VR) environments, using the NaturalVR application as a case study. The research combines quantitative and qualitative methods to evaluate usability, accessibility, personalisation, and multisensory design in clinical contexts.

1. Human-Centred UX Design for Therapeutic VR
  • Description: Applied a user-centred design approach, integrating personas, empathy maps, and customer journey maps to tailor the VR environment to patients, clinicians, and therapists.

  • Takeaway: Involving end-users at every design stage ensures the therapeutic VR experience meets real emotional, cognitive, and practical needs.

2. Multisensory Stimuli for Psychological Well-being
  • Description: Incorporated visual, auditory, and proposed olfactory elements to increase immersion, presence, and stress reduction in hospitalised patients.

  • Takeaway: Carefully designed multisensory environments can enhance relaxation and engagement, improving therapeutic outcomes.

3. Accessibility and Comfort in Clinical Contexts
  • Description: Addressed challenges such as cybersickness, equipment constraints, and varying levels of digital literacy, ensuring the VR experience was safe and inclusive.

  • Takeaway: Accessibility-focused design expands the usability of VR in healthcare, making it viable for a broader patient demographic.

4. Usability Testing & Data-Driven Iteration
  • Description: Conducted heuristic evaluations, focus groups with mental health professionals, and usability tests with 19 participants using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ).

  • Takeaway: Combining qualitative observations with quantitative metrics provides robust insights for iterative improvements.

5. Evidence-Based Design Guidelines for Therapeutic VR
  • Description: Synthesised research findings into actionable UX design guidelines for developers and healthcare teams working on VR therapy tools.

  • Takeaway: Practical, evidence-based recommendations bridge the gap between academic research and real-world implementation.

Conclusion

This research demonstrates how UX design methodologies can significantly improve the therapeutic potential of VR environments. By integrating human-centred design, multisensory stimuli, accessibility considerations, and rigorous testing, NaturezaVR evolved into a more effective and engaging clinical tool.


[This thesis is currently being prepared for publication as a scientific paper.]

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